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Assemblage du Turtlebot et OpenManipulator-X et configuration initiale

https://www.classes.cs.uchicago.edu/archive/2022/fall/20600-1/turtlebot_assembly_setup.html

A Word of Caution

This page is NOT intended for student use. This page is designed for course staff to build and maintaing the turtlebots. If you are a student, please ensure you have permission from course staff before making any of the changes detailed on this page to any of the turtlebots.


Setup Checklist


Turtlebot Assembly Tips

Turtlebot3

  • DO NOT TIGHTEN the screws too much.
  • Page 10: When connecting one pair of waffle-plates to another, make that the seams connecting each waffle-plate are parallel to one other.
  • Page 17: When attaching the wheels to the dynamixels, do not tighten the screws too much.
  • Page 28: Mount the LiDAR further up than the manual specifies so that the arm can fit on (see completed Turtlebots for reference).

OpenMANIPULATOR Arm

  • OpenMANIPULATOR Dynamixel 12: when putting the back piece onto the servo, you will need to break off a plastic piece where the cable should be threaded through.
  • Make sure the placement of the marking on the servo horns is identical to the diagram PRIOR to screwing anything down onto it.


OpenMANIPULATOR Arm First-Time Configuration

After assembling an OpenMANIPULATOR arm, its servos must first be configured properly before it can be used. By default, all the arm motors are set to the same ID (1) and the wrong baud rate, which causes collisions when trying to detect them.

  1. Connect a SINGLE motor (no daisy-chains in the arm) to the OpenCR module and DISCONNECT ALL OTHER MOTORS (the wheel motors!!)
  2. Open up Dynamixel Wizard 2.0 and update the firmware for that motor by following this tutorial. The arm Dynamixel model is XM430-W350, and the wheel motors are XM430-W210.
  3. Scan for connected Dynamixels using the “Scan” button on the top menu. If the scan does not turn up any results, you may need to change the scan options in the "Options" menu. By default, an unconfigured arm motor will have ID 1, be on Protocol 2.0, and have a baud rate of 57600 bps.
  4. Change the ID for the detected motor from 1 to 11/12/13/14/15 (whichever you're doing the procedure for). Click on the “ID” item, and find the ID # you want in the lower right corner. Click it and press “Save”.
  5. Change the baud rate to 1M (if not already 1M). Click on the “Baud Rate (Bus)” item, and find the 1 Mbps option. Click it and press “Save”.
  6. Disconnect the motor (both in the wizard by clicking “Disconnect” up top and physically disconnecting from the board) and repeat the steps for the remaining ones.


Connecting the Pi to a Wi-Fi Network

Connect a keyboard, mouse and monitor to the Pi. Attach the charging cable to the OpenCR board to provide enough power for the Pi to boot with the peripherals attached. Once Raspbian has loaded up, go to the wifi icon in the upper right corner of the screen and connect to your wi-fi network of choice. Use the ifconfig command and make a note of the IP address.

Assigning a Reserved IP Address

If the Pi is being set up for use on the intro-robo router, you can configure the router to automatically assign it a specific IP address whenever it connects.

  1. Connect your computer to the intro-robo network.
  2. Enter 192.168.0.1 into your web browser and log in to the router.
  3. Go to the "Advanced" tab at the top of the page and select Network -> DHCP Server from the sidebar.
  4. Press "Add" under the "Address Reservation" section of the page.
  5. Get the Pi's MAC address using ifconfig

Once you've set a specific IP address for a Turtlebot, make sure to set the ROS_HOSTNAME environment variable on the robot's Pi.


Attaching/Detaching the OpenMANIPULATOR Arm

Physical Attachment/Detachment

Follow these steps below:

  1. The arm can be attached and detached by first removing the top layer of the the Turtlebot. There are 10 screws around the perimeter of the top layer that you will need to remove with a Phillips head / cross screwdriver.
  2. Once the top layer of the Turtlebot is loose, disconnect the cable that is attached to the LiDAR. This cable is multi-colored with several pins.
    Note: ONLY remove this LiDAR cable in this step.

    Turtlebot3 with an arm.

    Once the top layer is fully disconnected, flip the top layer upside-down for easy access.
  3. To connect the arm, there are four screws that you will need to insert through the bottom side of the top layer that connect to Dynamixel #11. The exact location of the screws are marked in the picture below. Use an hex/allen key to secure them.

    Turtlebot3 with an arm.

  4. Once the arm is securely attached, thread the cable connected to DynaMIXEL #11 through the top layer (if not already threaded) and attach the other end to the remaining 3-pin slot on the OpenCR board. It should be the open slot adjacent to the already occupied slots.
  5. Reconnect the LiDAR cable and re-screw the top layer onto the robot.

To disconnect the arm, follow the same steps as above, but remove the four screws instead and disconnect the DynaMIXEL.

Updating Firmware and Files

Every time the arm is attached or detached, you will need to reconfigure environment variables and update the OpenCR firmware.

If you are attaching the arm, set the environment variable OPENCR_MODEL=om_with_tb3 and ensure that OPENCR_PORT=/dev/ttyACM0 in the ~/.bashrc file.

Note: You can also set those environment variables in the command line by running:
$ export OPENCR_PORT=/dev/ttyACM0
$ export OPENCR_MODEL=om_with_tb3

Source the file and update the firmware with:

$ source ~/.bashrc
$ cd ~/opencr_update && ./update.sh $OPENCR_PORT $OPENCR_MODEL.opencr


If you are detaching the arm, set the environment variable OPENCR_MODEL=waffle and ensure that OPENCR_PORT=/dev/ttyACM0 in the ~/.bashrc file.

Enter the OpenCR board into firmware recovery mode by pressing and holding SW2, and simultaneously pressing RESET (you will need to remove the top layer of the turtlebot in order to access those OpenCR buttons). If you want to read more about the OpenCR bootloader, please refer to this page in the OpenCR 1.0 manual.


buttons on OpenCR

Source the file and update the firmware with:

$ source ~/.bashrc
$ cd ~/opencr_update && ./update.sh $OPENCR_PORT $OPENCR_MODEL.opencr


Common Errors During Setup

Firmware Recovery Mode and Device Firmware Update for OpenCR Board

We found the firmware recovery mode not clearly detailed in the Turtlebot3 manual. Here are the steps for firmware recovery:

  1. Push and hold SW2
  2. Press RESET
  3. Release SW2
  4. Arduino code should upload successfully with jump_with_fw

Firmware recovery is different from device firmware update (DFU), where the steps are:

  1. Push and hold BOOT
  2. Press RESET
  3. Release BOOT

Troubleshooting /dev/ttyACM0 Connection Issues

If the /dev/ttyACM0 port isn't found or running bringup on the Pi is hanging:

  • Make sure $OPENCR_MODEL is correct (waffle for no arm, om_with_tb3 for arm)
  • Disconnect and reconnect the USB cable connecting the Pi and OpenCR board
  • Enter firmware recovery (SW2 + RESET)
  • Reinstall the firmware with ./update.sh $OPENCR_PORT $OPENCR_MODEL.opencr (see more detailed steps above in the prior section on attaching/detaching the arm)
  • [If the above doesn’t work] Restart roscore
  • [If the above doesn’t work] Reupload the sketch using the Arduino IDE (install instructions) in Examples > OpenCR > Etc > usb_to_dxl to the OpenCR board (which you'll need to directly connect to your computer)

If the hydro rosserial / groovy Arduino error appears:

  • Configure the arm motors as described in the previous section on attaching/detaching the arm
  • Enter firmware recovery (SW2 + RESET)
  • Reinstall the firmware with ./update.sh $OPENCR_PORT $OPENCR_MODEL.opencr
  • Set up the wheel motors by uploading the sketch using the Arduino IDE (install instructions) in Examples > TurtleBot3 > turtlebot3_setup > turtlebot3_setup_motor to the OpenCR board (which you'll need to directly connect to your computer)
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